بستنة قدم مربع من التربة

Square Foot Gardening

What is square foot gardening? A simple, unique and versatile system that adapts to all levels of experience, physical ability, and geographical location. Grow all you want and need in only 20% of the space of a conventional row garden. Save time, water, work and money! I am following the square foot gardening method, and I'll be using it as a reference through out the blog. Square foot gardening invented by the genius Mel Bartholomew! Learn more about it in his website , Or order his very very valuable book. It may come in downloadable PDF files too, if you search.

فيما يلي الأشياء العشرة التي تجعل SFG مختلفة عن البستنة التقليدية للصفوف:

1. تخطيط الحديقة. رتب حديقتك في مربعات وليس صفوف. قسمها إلى مناطق زراعية مقاس 4 x 4 قدم يمكن للنباتات المتجاورة أن تساعد بعضها البعض على النمو بشكل أكبر ولذيذ!
2. ال
مربعات. بناء صناديق لوضع مزيج تربة جديد فوق الأرض. التربة الموجودة لديك لا تهم! إنساها، والقلق فقط بشأن التربة الجديدة التي تسمى Mel's Mix.
3. الممرات. مربعات فارغة بمساحة 3 قدم بخلاف ممرات المشي. يسهل المشي والجلوس حول الصناديق، خاصةً عندما تصبح نباتاتك كبيرة جداً وتتدلي من الصناديق قليلاً.
4. التربة.
 أملأ الصناديق بمزيج التربة الخاص بميل: 1/3 سماد مخلوط (يرجى صنع السماد الخاص بك! السماد المباع في الكويت قاتم قليلاً)، 1/3 من الطحالب، و 1/3 من الفيرميكوليت الخشن (جميعها متوفرة بتكلفة إقتصادية).
5. ال
شبكة. إصنع شبكة قدم مربعة دائمة لأعلى كل صندوق. لابد!
6. الرعاية.
لا تمشي أبداً على التربة النامية الخاصة بك. هذه هي الطريقة التي تظل بها التربة رقيقة وجيدة التهوية كي تظل الجذور سعيدة. قم بحماية حديقتك من أن تكون ممراً للمشي.
7. الإختيار.
 إزرع زهرة أو نباتاً أو محصولاً عشبياً مختلفاً في كل قدم مربع، بإستخدام 1 أو 4 أو 9 أو 16 نباتاً لكل قدم مربع. يمكنك، على سبيل المثال، أن تزرع حبة طماطم واحدة في مربع، لكنك ستزرع 16 جزرة في مربع آخر. بإستخدام هذا النظام، يمكنك جمع الكثير من الحدائق في مساحة صغيرة والحصول على عوائد ممتازة.
8. النبات.
حفظ البذور. إزرع قرصة فقط (2 أو 3 بذور) لكل حفرة. ضع الزرعات في غور خفيف على شكل صحن. هذا يعني أنك لن تفقد البذور! الطريقة التقليدية هي زراعة الكثير من البذور ثم قطع الغالبية وترك الأقوى.
9. الماء.
الري باليد بإستخدام دلو من الماء الدافئ.
10. المحصول.
عند الإنتهاء من حصاد قدم مربع، أضف السماد فقط وأعد زرعه بمحصول جديد ومختلف.

إليك كيف أبدأ تخطيط حديقتي بالقدم المربع:

لقد قررت ما يتعلق بحجم المنطقة التي أريد إستخدامها، فأنا أضع SFG الخاص بي على سطح منزلي، والذي حرصت على تتميز بتعرضها المباشر لأشعة الشمس الكاملة لفترة 8 ساعات على الأقل. أنا أتطور وبدأت بالكثير من الصناديق. لذلك بعد التخطيط الشامل، قررت أنني أريد صندوقين بحجم 4 × 4 قدم مربع (وهو المعيار) صندوقين أصغر حجماً للخضروات الجذرية مثل الجزر والبطاطس، وصندوق واحد طويل للأعشاب. يمكنك تنزيل الدليل الذي أنشأته للنجارين here. إنه ليس الرسم التوضيحي الأكثر دقة لما تبدو عليه الصناديق في النهاية، لكن الأرقام صحيحة.

يمكنك تغيير القياسات كيفما تشاء، والأهم من ذلك، عليك التأكد من أن كل مربع يبلغ حجمه 1 قدم مربع = 30 سم. تتطلب أيضاً معظم الخضروات 6 بوصات من التربة، وقد قررت إستخدام حوالي 20 سم. إذا تم وضع الصناديق فوق حديقة / تربة، فلن تحتاج إلى قيعان. في حالتي، لا بد لي من وضع قيعان لأنهم سيكونون في السقف. القيعان مقاومة للماء من الخشب الرقائقي بسمك 2 سم. يجب أن يحتوي الخشب الرقائقي على فتحات حوالي 0.6 سم محفورة في كل مربع، بالإضافة إلى الزوايا. تحتوي صناديقي على مربعات غريبة في الخشب الرقائقي لأن النجار أخطأ في 0.6 سم بسبب ثقوب ضخمة بحجم 6 سم، وقد قمت بإصلاحها دون مشاكل. 

مهد البطاطس / الجزر:

أحد القواعد 4x4 مع مهد الأعشاب:

يمكنك بالطبع بناء الصناديق الخاصة بك، وهناك دليل مفصل للغاية في الكتاب. أنا متأكد من أنها أكثر متعة، ليس لدي المهارة أو الوقت، لذلك قمت بإنجاز الصناديق مقابل إجمالي 50 ديناراً، 30 ديناراً للخشب و 20 ديناراً للتقطيع والتركيب. أنجز هذا العمل إبراهيم من ورشة Classic Design Carpentry:

لا تنس، يمكنك جمع نشارة الخشب مجاناً وإستخدامها كمصدر للكربون في سمادك! ربما أرسم السطح الخارجي للصناديق مع الأطفال قبل بدء الموسم، ما رأيك؟

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